نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Economics, particularly in its mainstream forms, is often presented as a positive, value-neutral, and universally valid science. This representation, however, overlooks the fact that economics functions not only as an analytical tool for studying resource allocation and production but also as an ideological framework shaping neoliberal objectives, values, and policy orientations. Using an analytical–descriptive approach and library-based sources, this article critically examines the relationship between economics and ideology. The main research question asks whether the claim of neutrality and universality in economics is theoretically defensible or whether economics itself constitutes a form of concealed ideology. A secondary question explores how Islamic economics, through the explicit articulation of its normative foundations, enables what may be described as proper scientism.
A comparative analysis of mainstream economic schools—classical, Keynesian, and neoclassical—and Islamic economics reveals that the implicit or explicit ideology of each school determines policy directions, success indicators, and institutional design. Mainstream economics typically places concepts such as *homo economicus*, economic rationality, individualism, welfare, productivity, and efficiency at the core of its theoretical frameworks. Historical and analytical evidence further demonstrates the limitations of claims regarding the universal and non-ideological nature of economics. Economic theories and models, including neoliberal paradigms, inherently embody value judgments and hidden ideological commitments that have been translated into concrete economic policies through the influence of international institutions.
The article’s contribution lies in its comparative examination of the epistemological and institutional foundations of mainstream and Islamic economics. It argues that economics cannot be fully detached from values and normative beliefs, and that claims of neutrality often legitimize free-market ideology. In contrast, Islamic economics highlights value transparency, social justice, and ethical considerations, and proposes a framework for a conscious ideology globally.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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