نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
موسسه آموزشی پژوهشی امام خمینی ره، قم، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
This article aims to reconstruct the philosophical foundations of distributive justice in Islamic economics through a comparative analysis of the “social contract” theory in Western welfare economics (with emphasis on John Rawls) and Allamah Tabatabai’s theory of “conventional perceptions” (i’tibariyat). The central problem is the epistemological crisis in contemporary welfare economics and the inability of secular approaches to provide an objective and binding foundation for justice. The existing research gap is the neglect of the potential of Allamah Tabatabai’s theory of conventional perceptions as an alternative social philosophy for a fundamental critique of Western contractarianism. This research employs a comparative-interpretive analytical method, focusing on the key works of the two thinkers (Rawls’s theory of justice and Allamah’s Tafsir al-Mizan and The Principles of Philosophy and the Method of Realism). The findings indicate that the theory of conventional perceptions, by distinguishing between “ontological truths” (haqayiq-e takwini) and “conventional perceptions” (idrakat-e i’tibari), transcends the moral relativism dominating secular contractarianism and provides an objective basis for justice. By introducing the model of the “Divine-Social Contract,” the article argues that within this paradigm, unlike the Rawlsian “veil of ignorance,” humans establish social rules in the “presence of God.” This presence is both motivational (a transcendental commitment) and directive (guidance towards proximity to God). The policy implication of this perspective is the redefinition of concepts such as tax, charity (infaq), property, and distributive justice from purely material categories into acts of worship on the path to perfection. This research demonstrates that the Divine-Social Contract can be proposed as a rival paradigm to conventional welfare economics and can redefine the theoretical foundations of social policymaking in Islamic societies.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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